Here is a list of linkers and connectors you can use on your essays!
LINKERS
Contrast
In spite of / Despite Link two
contrasting ideas. Followed by a noun phrase.
Although / (Even) though Link
two contrasting ideas. Followed by a sentence.
However / Nevertheless / Still / Yet / Even
so / On the contrary / In contrast. Introduce
a new idea which marks a contrast with previously stated ideas. Introduced
by a comma.
On the one hand ... On the
other hand. Links two contrasting ideas / paragraphs.
In contrast to / Contrary
to. Link two contrasting ideas. Followed by a noun phrase.
Whereas Link two contrasting ideas. Not
separated by commas.
Reason and cause
Because / As / Since / Seeing that Introduce
a sentence. Subordinate sentences introduced by because always appear in
final position.
Because of / On
account of / Owing to / Due to. Introduce
a noun phrase.
Purpose
In
order to / So as to Introduce
an infinitive of purpose.
In order that / So that Introduce
a sentence.
Consequence
Consequently / As a
consequence / As a result / Therefore
As a consequence of / As a
result of Followed by a noun phrase.
So Introduces a sentence. No commas.
Addition
Moreover / Furthermore / In addition / Besides / What's more Used
after a strong pause and separated from the sentences. They are introduced
by a comma.
As well as / In
addition to / Besides Used to add one more piece
of information. Followed by a noun phrase.
Exemplification
For
example / For instance Introduces
an example referring to previously stated ideas.
Such as Introduces an example
referring to the last idea.
CONNECTORS
Contrast
but
/ yet: followed by a noun phrase or a
sentence.
‘The book is short but / yet interesting’
in spite of / despite: It
is placed at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence.
‘He arrived on time despite / in spite of getting up late’
although
/ though/ even though / in spite of the fact that:
followed by a complete sentence. They can be placed at the beginning or in the
middle of the sentence. If it is placed at the beginning we need to use a comma
after the clause.
‘Although / though / even though / in spite of the fact that the pupils
had not studied, they all passed their exams’.
however, nevertheless, even so, on the one hand, on the other hand,
on the contrary:
‘He was quite ill however/ nevertheless/ even so, he went to school’
while, whereas
‘This film is very interesting, while/whereas that one is quite boring’
Reason and cause
because,
as since, seeing that:
‘Because / as / since / seeing that it’s late, we should go home’
because of, on account of, owing to, due to:
‘Because of / on account of / owing to / due to the weather, we stayed
at home’
in order to, so as to, to:
‘She uses her video in order to / so as to / to record TV
programmes’
Add information
for
example, for instante, such as:
‘Vegetables are a good source of vitamins: for example / for instance,
oranges have vitamin C’
more over, furthermore, besides, in addition to:
‘In addition to soul music, she likes rap’
apart from, except for:
‘Apart from English, she speaks French’.
Succession
- First of
all / Firstly / To begin with / First...
- Second /
Secondly / Then...
- Third /
Thirdly / After that...
- The next stage...
- Finally / in short / to sum up / in conclusion / lastly / last
but not least...
Result
As
a result of:
‘As a result of his brave action, he was awarded a military medal.
Therefore, as a result, consequently, for this reason:
‘Consequently / for this reason, it always passes its annual road
test’.
Order
First parragraph
At first sight: A primera vista
First: En primer lugar
First of all: Antes que nada
In the first place: En primer lugar
To start with: Para empezar
Second parragraph
In the second
place: En segundo lugar
Second: Segundo
Secondly: En
segundo lugar
Third: Tercero
Thirdly: En tercer
lugar
Conclusion
Finally: Por último
In conclusion: Para
concluir
Lastly: Por último
And eventually: Y
finalmente
Adding information
apart from: Aparte
de
in addition: Además
in addition
to: Además de
What’s
more: Además; lo que es más
moreover: Además
on top of that: Además
besides: Además
On the one hand: Por una parte
On the other hand: Por otra parte
and eventually: Y finalmente
Contrast
all the same: a pesar de todo
however: sin
embargo
instead of: en vez
de
in spite of / despite: a pesar de
nevertheless: no obstante
on the contrary: por el contrario
whereas / while: mientras
though / although: aunque
Reason
because of + noun: a causa de
due to + noun: debido a
due to the fact that + sentence: debido a que
for this / that reason: por esta / esa razón
owing to + noun: debido a
owing to the fact that + sentence: debido a que
Result
as a result: como resultado
because of: a causa
de
consequently: en
consecuencia
so: por lo tanto
that's why: por
eso, por esa razón...
therefore: por lo tanto
Expressing
facts
actually: en realidad
as a matter of fact: de hecho
in fact: de hecho
really: en realidad
Expressing
a personal opinion
as far as I am concerned por lo que a mí respecta
from my point of view desde mi punto de vista
I agree estoy de acuerdo
I disagree no estoy de
acuerdo
in my opinion en mi
opinión
in my view según lo veo
I think that creo que
it is true that es verdad que
personally personalmente
to be honest, para ser honesto
to tell the truth, a decir verdad
Explain
that is (to say): es decir
that is (to say): es decir
in other words: en otras palabras
in short: en resumen
above all: sobre todo
all in all: en general
at least: al menos
basically: básicamente,
fundamentalmente
especially: especialmente,
sobre todo
essentially: esencialmente
in general: en
general
in particular: en
particular
more or less: más o
menos
on the whole: en
general
to a certain extent: hasta
cierto punto
Exemplifying
and so on: etcétera
for example: por ejemplo
for instance: por ejemplo
such as: tal(es)como
Summarizing
all in all: en suma
in brief: en resumen
in conclusion: Para concluir
in short: en resumen
on the whole: en general
to sum up: Para resumir
Sequencing
after that: después de eso
all of a sudden: de repente
Finally: Finalmente
First of all: En primer lugar
in the end: al final
in the meantime: mientras
tanto
meanwhile: mientras
tanto
next: luego
suddenly: de
repente
then: entonces,
después
while: mientras
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