Key Words and Definitions:
1. Early Modern Age: Period of time which began in 1453 with the Fall of Constantinople and
ended in 1789 with the French Revolution.
2. Guilds: Medieval association of craftworkers with the same skill or trade,
which controlled the manufacture and sale of crafts products.
3. Authoritarian Monarchy: Form of government in which the kings succeeded in exerting their
authority over the feudal lords creating powerful armies, bureaucracy, a
centralized power and a court.
4. Humanism: Intellectual movement which admired the Classical Age (Rome and Greece ),
and considered humans to be the centre of the universe and used reason to
explain reality.
5. Banker: Person who lent money in exchange for returning the same amount of
money plus an additional amount called interest.
6. Serfs: Peasant who wasn’t free, tied to the land he worked on. He was not
allowed to leave it without the lord’s permission.
7. Tithe: One tenth of the annual produce from farming or livestock which all
peasants were obliged to give to the Church.
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